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Felis lybica cafra
Clasificare științifică
Domeniu: Eukaryota
Regn: Animalia
Încrengătură: Chordata
Clasă: Mammalia
Ordin: Carnivora
Subordin: Feliformia
Familie: Felidae
Subfamilie: Felinae
Gen: Felis
Specie: F. lybica
Subspecie: Felis lybica cafra
Nume binomial
Felis lybica cafra
(Desmarest, 1822)[1]
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Felis lybica cafra este o subspecie de pisică sălbatică africană din Africa Sudică și Răsăriteană.[2] In 2007, it was tentatively recognised as a distinct subspecies on the basis of genetic analysis.[3] Morphological evidence indicates that the split between the African wildcat subspecies in Africa occurred in the area of Tanzania and Mozambique.[4]

Characteristics[modificare | modificare sursă]

The body of the Southern African wildcat is marked with vertical stripes but these can vary from faint to quite distinct. The tail is ringed with black and has a black tip. The chin and throat are white and the chest is usually paler than the rest of the body. The feet are jet black underneath. There are two colour phases; iron-gray, with black and whitish speckling, and tawny-grey, with less black and more buffy speckling.[5] In appearance it is very similar to a domestic cat, although the legs are proportionately longer. The most distinguishable characteristic is the rich reddish-brown colour on the backs of the ears, over the belly and on the back legs. Its body length is 46–66,5 cm (18,1–26,2 in) with a 25–36 cm (9,8–14,2 in) long tail; and weight range 2,4–5,5 kg (5,3–12,1 lb).[6]

Distribution and habitat[modificare | modificare sursă]

The Southern African wild cat is widely distributed throughout Africa south of the equator, but does not occur along the Namibian coast. It tolerates a wide range of habitats that provide some sort of cover.[5]

Ecology and behaviour[modificare | modificare sursă]

Southern African wildcats are largely nocturnal, finding cover in which to rest during the day. Their habits are solitary, except for mating and raising their young, and they are highly territorial. They are adaptable predators, preferring to hunt small rodents, but able to change their diet according to seasonal and longer-term prey abundances and availability; they have been observed to take other small mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, insects and other invertebrates.[7] The largest recorded prey include hares, springhares and birds up to the size of guineafowl.[8]

Threats[modificare | modificare sursă]

The main threat to the survival of the Southern African wildcat is its tendency to crossbreed with domestic cats near human habitations. Other threats include persecution by hunters and farmers, as well as habitat loss.[9]

Note[modificare | modificare sursă]

  1. ^ Wozencraft, W. C. (). „Subpecies Felis silvestris cafra”. În Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. Mammal Species of the World (ed. 3rd). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 536. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494. 
  2. ^ Kitchener, A. C.; Breitenmoser-Würsten, C.; Eizirik, E.; Gentry, A.; Werdelin, L.; Wilting, A.; Yamaguchi, N.; Abramov, A. V.; Christiansen, P.; Driscoll, C.; Duckworth, J. W.; Johnson, W.; Luo, S.-J.; Meijaard, E.; O’Donoghue, P.; Sanderson, J.; Seymour, K.; Bruford, M.; Groves, C.; Hoffmann, M.; Nowell, K.; Timmons, Z.; Tobe, S. (). „A revised taxonomy of the Felidae: The final report of the Cat Classification Task Force of the IUCN Cat Specialist Group” (PDF). Cat News (Special Issue 11): 19. 
  3. ^ Driscoll, C. A., Menotti-Raymond, M., Roca, A. L., Hupe, K., Johnson, W. E., Geffen, E., Harley, E., Delibes, M., Pontier, D., Kitchener, A. C., Yamaguchi, N., O’Brien, S. J., Macdonald, D. (). „The near eastern origin of cat domestication”. Science. 317 (5837): 519–523. Bibcode:2007Sci...317..519D. doi:10.1126/science.1139518. PMC 5612713 Accesibil gratuit. PMID 17600185. 
  4. ^ Kitchener, A. C.; Rees, E. E. (). „Modelling the dynamic biogeography of the wildcat: implications for taxonomy and conservation”. Journal of Zoology. 279 (2): 144–155. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2009.00599.x. 
  5. ^ a b Pocock, R. I. (). „Felis lybica cafra”. Catalogue of the Genus Felis. London: British Museum of Natural History. pp. 102–109. 
  6. ^ Skinner, J. D.; Chimimba, C. T. (). The mammals of the southern African sub-region. Cambridge University Press. 
  7. ^ Herbst, M.; Mills, M. G. L. (). „The feeding habits of the Southern African wildcat, a facultative trophic specialist, in the southern Kalahari (Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park, South Africa/Botswana)” (PDF). Journal of Zoology. 280 (4): 403−413. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2009.00679.x. 
  8. ^ Smithers, R. H. N. (). The Mammals of Botswana. Museum Memoir. 4. The Trustees of the National Museum of Rhodesia. 
  9. ^ Yamaguchi, N.; Kitchener, A.; Driscoll, C.; Nussberger, B. (). „Felis silvestris”. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T60354712A50652361. 

Category:Mamifere descrise în 1822 Category:Pisici sălbatice Category:Subspecii de pisiciă sălbatică africană Category:Mamifere din Botswana Category:Mamifere din Namibia Category:Mamifere din Africa de Sud

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