Michael Atiyah

Michael Atiyah
Date personale
Născut	22 aprilie 1929 Londra, Anglia, Regatul Unit
Decedat	11 ianuarie 2019 (89 de ani) Edinburgh, Scoția, Regatul Unit
Cetățenie	Regatul Unit
Ocupație	matematician topolog[*]​ cadru didactic universitar[*]​
Locul desfășurării activității	Oxford Cambridge
Limbi vorbite	limba engleză
Activitate
Domeniu	topologie matematică geometrie
Număr Erdős	4
Instituție	Universitatea Cambridge Universitatea Oxford Institute for Advanced Study Universitatea din Edinburgh
Alma Mater	Trinity College The Manchester Grammar School[*][[The Manchester Grammar School (school in Manchester, UK)|​]] Universitatea Cambridge Victoria College[*][[Victoria College (school in Alexandria, Egypt)|​]]
Organizații	Societatea Regală din Londra Academia Leopoldină Academia Franceză de Științe Det Norske Videnskaps-Akademi[*][[Det Norske Videnskaps-Akademi (academy of sciences)|​]] Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei American Mathematical Society Academia Națională de Științe a Statelor Unite ale Americii[*]​ Academia Regală Suedeză de Științe Academia Națională de Științe a Ucrainei[*]​ Academia Americană de Arte și Științe[*]​ Australian Academy of Science[*][[Australian Academy of Science (academy of sciences)|​]] Academia Rusă de Științe Royal Society of Edinburgh[*][[Royal Society of Edinburgh (academy of sciences)|​]] Indian National Science Academy[*][[Indian National Science Academy (national academy in New Delhi for Indian scientists in all branches of science and technology)|​]] Academia Europaea[*]​ TWAS, the academy of sciences for the developing world[*][[TWAS, the academy of sciences for the developing world (merit-based science academy)|​]]
Conducător de doctorat	W. V. D. Hodge[*][[W. V. D. Hodge (matematician britanic)|​]]
Doctoranzi	Simon Donaldson[*][[Simon Donaldson (English mathematician and Fields medalist)|​]] Nigel Hitchin[*]​ Graeme Segal[*][[Graeme Segal (mathematician)|​]] George Lusztig Peter B. Kronheimer[*][[Peter B. Kronheimer (matematician britanic)|​]] Ian R. Porteous[*][[Ian R. Porteous (Scottish mathematician at the University of Liverpool and an educator on Merseyside (1930-2011))|​]] K. David Elworthy[*][[K. David Elworthy (matematician britanic)|​]] Lisa Jeffrey[*][[Lisa Jeffrey (matematiciană canadiană)|​]] Brian Joseph Sanderson[*][[Brian Joseph Sanderson (Ph.D. University of Liverpool 1963)|​]] John Roe[*][[John Roe (matematician britanic)|​]] ...încă 13
Premii	Medalia Fields (1966) Medalia Copley (1988) Premiul Abel (2004) Royal Medal (1968) King Faisal International Prize in Science[*][[King Faisal International Prize in Science |​]] (1987) De Morgan Medal[*][[De Morgan Medal (most prestigious award of the London Mathematical Society)|​]] (1980) Josiah Willard Gibbs Lectureship[*][[Josiah Willard Gibbs Lectureship |​]] (1991) grande médaille de l'Académie des sciences[*][[grande médaille de l'Académie des sciences |​]] (2010) Ordinul de Merit[*]​ Royal Society Bakerian Medal[*][[Royal Society Bakerian Medal (English award in physical sciences)|​]] (1975) doctor honoris causa por la Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña[*][[doctor honoris causa por la Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña (Spanish award)|​]] (2008) Berwick Prize[*][[Berwick Prize (award)|​]] (1961) Čestný doktorát Univerzity Karlovy[*][[Čestný doktorát Univerzity Karlovy |​]] Corresponding Member of the Australian Academy of Science[*][[Corresponding Member of the Australian Academy of Science |​]] (1992) Fellow al Societății Regale din Edinburgh[*]​ Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences[*][[Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences (award for fellows who are recognised for the excellence of their science, their contribution to medicine and society and the range of their achievements)|​]] doctor honoris causa por la Universidad de Salamanca[*][[doctor honoris causa por la Universidad de Salamanca |​]] (1992) Fellow of the American Mathematical Society[*][[Fellow of the American Mathematical Society (fellowship of the American Mathematical Society)|​]] (2013) Membru al Academiei Americane de Arte și Științe[*]​ honorary doctor of the Chinese University of Hong Kong[*][[honorary doctor of the Chinese University of Hong Kong |​]] doctorado honoris causa por la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México[*][[doctorado honoris causa por la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (award)|​]] Membru al Societății Regale[*]​ Knight Bachelor[*][[Knight Bachelor (title granted to a man who has been knighted by the British monarch but not inducted as a member of one of the organised orders of chivalry)|​]] honorary Fellow of the Learned Society of Wales[*][[honorary Fellow of the Learned Society of Wales (fellowship)|​]] (2016) IET Kelvin Lecture[*][[IET Kelvin Lecture (IET lecture)|​]] (2006) Gunning Victoria Jubilee Prize[*][[Gunning Victoria Jubilee Prize (Prize awarded by the Royal Society of Edinburgh)|​]] President's Medal[*][[President's Medal (award from Institute of Physics)|​]] (2008)

Sir Michael Francis Atiyah (n. 22 aprilie 1929, Londra, Anglia, Regatul Unit – d. 11 ianuarie 2019, Edinburgh, Scoția, Regatul Unit) a fost un matematician britanic cu rădăcini libaneze, unul dintre cei mai importanți ai secolului XX.

Este cunoscut în special pentru lucrările sale de topologie algebrică și analiză matematică.

A colaborat cu mai mulți matematicieni, printre care Raoul Bott, Isadore Singer și Friedrich Hirzebruch. Cu acesta din urmă a pus bazele Teoriei K din domeniul spațiilor topologice. Dar cea mai valoroasă contribuție a sa o constituie Teorema indicelui Atiyah-Singer, care indică numărul de soluții independente ale anumitor tipuri de ecuații diferențiale.

Lucrări scrise

Cărți

Această subsecțiune enumeră toate cărțile scrise de Atiyah; omite câteva cărți pe care le-a editat.

• Atiyah, Michael F.; Macdonald, Ian G. (1969), Introduction to commutative algebra, Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., Reading, Mass.-London-Don Mills, Ont., MR 0242802 . A classic textbook covering standard commutative algebra.
• Atiyah, Michael F. (1970), Vector fields on manifolds, Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen, Heft 200, Cologne: Westdeutscher Verlag, MR 0263102 . Reprinted as (Atiyah 1988b, item 50).
• Atiyah, Michael F. (1974), Elliptic operators and compact groups, Lecture Notes in Mathematics, Vol. 401, Berlin, New York: Springer-Verlag, MR 0482866 . Reprinted as (Atiyah 1988c, item 78).
• Atiyah, Michael F. (1979), Geometry of Yang–Mills fields, Scuola Normale Superiore Pisa, Pisa, MR 0554924 . Reprinted as (Atiyah 1988e, item 99).
• Atiyah, Michael F.; Hitchin, Nigel (1988), The geometry and dynamics of magnetic monopoles, M. B. Porter Lectures, Princeton University Press, doi:10.1515/9781400859306, ISBN 978-0-691-08480-0, MR 0934202 . Reprinted as (Atiyah 2004, item 126).
• Atiyah, Michael F. (1988), Collected works. Vol. 1 Early papers: general papers, Oxford Science Publications, The Clarendon Press Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-853275-0, MR 0951892 .
• Atiyah, Michael F. (1988), Collected works. Vol. 2 K-theory, Oxford Science Publications, The Clarendon Press Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-853276-7, MR 0951892 .
• Atiyah, Michael F. (1988), Collected works. Vol. 3 Index theory: 1, Oxford Science Publications, The Clarendon Press Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-853277-4, MR 0951892 .
• Atiyah, Michael F. (1988), Collected works. Vol. 4 Index theory:2, Oxford Science Publications, The Clarendon Press Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-853278-1, MR 0951892 .
• Atiyah, Michael F. (1988), Collected works. Vol. 5 Gauge theories, Oxford Science Publications, The Clarendon Press Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-853279-8, MR 0951892 .
• Atiyah, Michael F. (1989), K-theory, Advanced Book Classics (ed. 2nd), Addison-Wesley, ISBN 978-0-201-09394-0, MR 1043170 . First edition (1967) reprinted as (Atiyah 1988b, item 45).
• Atiyah, Michael F. (1990), The geometry and physics of knots, Lezioni Lincee. [Lincei Lectures], Cambridge University Press, doi:10.1017/CBO9780511623868, ISBN 978-0-521-39521-2, MR 1078014 . Reprinted as (Atiyah 2004, item 136).
• Atiyah, Michael F. (2004), Collected works. Vol. 6, Oxford Science Publications, The Clarendon Press Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-853099-2, MR 2160826 .
• Atiyah, Michael F. (2007), Siamo tutti matematici (Italian: We are all mathematicians), Roma: Di Renzo Editore, p. 96, ISBN 88-8323-157-0 
• Atiyah, Michael F.; Iagolnitzer, Daniel; Chong, Chitat (2015), Fields Medallists' Lectures (3rd Edition), World Scientific, ISBN 978-981-4696-18-0 .

Lucrări selectate

• Atiyah, Michael F. (1961), „Characters and cohomology of finite groups”, Inst. Hautes Études Sci. Publ. Math., 9: 23–64, doi:10.1007/BF02698718 . Reprinted in (Atiyah 1988b, paper 29).
• Atiyah, Michael F.; Hirzebruch, Friedrich (1961), „Vector bundles and homogeneous spaces”, Proc. Sympos. Pure Math. AMS, 3: 7–38 . Reprinted in (Atiyah 1988b, paper 28).
• Atiyah, Michael F.; Segal, Graeme B. (1969), „Equivariant K-Theory and Completion”, Journal of Differential Geometry, 3: 1–18 . Reprinted in (Atiyah 1988b, paper 49).
• Atiyah, Michael F. (1976), „Elliptic operators, discrete groups and von Neumann algebras”, Colloque "Analyse et Topologie" en l'Honneur de Henri Cartan (Orsay, 1974), Asterisque, 32–33, Soc. Math. France, Paris, pp. 43–72, MR 0420729 . Reprinted in (Atiyah 1988d, paper 89). Formulation of the Atiyah "Conjecture" on the rationality of the L²-Betti numbers.
• Atiyah, Michael F.; Singer, Isadore M. (1963), „The Index of Elliptic Operators on Compact Manifolds”, Bull. Amer. Math. Soc., 69: 322–433, doi:10.1090/S0002-9904-1963-10957-X . An announcement of the index theorem. Reprinted in (Atiyah 1988c, paper 56).
• Atiyah, Michael F.; Singer, Isadore M. (1968), „The Index of Elliptic Operators I”, Annals of Mathematics, The Annals of Mathematics, Vol. 87, No. 3, 87 (3): 484–530, doi:10.2307/1970715, JSTOR 1970715 . This gives a proof using K theory instead of cohomology. Reprinted in (Atiyah 1988c, paper 64).
• Atiyah, Michael F.; Segal, Graeme B. (1968), „The Index of Elliptic Operators: II”, Annals of Mathematics, Second Series, The Annals of Mathematics, Vol. 87, No. 3, 87 (3): 531–545, doi:10.2307/1970716, JSTOR 1970716 . This reformulates the result as a sort of Lefschetz fixed point theorem, using equivariant K theory. Reprinted in (Atiyah 1988c, paper 65).
• Atiyah, Michael F.; Singer, Isadore M. (1968), „The Index of Elliptic Operators III”, Annals of Mathematics, Second Series, 87 (3): 546–604, doi:10.2307/1970717, JSTOR 1970717 . This paper shows how to convert from the K-theory version to a version using cohomology. Reprinted in (Atiyah 1988c, paper 66).
• Atiyah, Michael F.; Singer, Isadore M. (1971), „The Index of Elliptic Operators IV”, Annals of Mathematics, Second Series, The Annals of Mathematics, Vol. 93, No. 1, 93 (1): 119–138, doi:10.2307/1970756, JSTOR 1970756  This paper studies families of elliptic operators, where the index is now an element of the K-theory of the space parametrizing the family. Reprinted in (Atiyah 1988c, paper 67).
• Atiyah, Michael F.; Singer, Isadore M. (1971), „The Index of Elliptic Operators V”, Annals of Mathematics, Second Series, The Annals of Mathematics, Vol. 93, No. 1, 93 (1): 139–149, doi:10.2307/1970757, JSTOR 1970757 . This studies families of real (rather than complex) elliptic operators, when one can sometimes squeeze out a little extra information. Reprinted in (Atiyah 1988c, paper 68).
• Atiyah, Michael F.; Bott, Raoul (1966), „A Lefschetz Fixed Point Formula for Elliptic Differential Operators”, Bull. Am. Math. Soc., 72 (2): 245–50, doi:10.1090/S0002-9904-1966-11483-0 . This states a theorem calculating the Lefschetz number of an endomorphism of an elliptic complex. Reprinted in (Atiyah 1988c, paper 61).
• Atiyah, Michael F.; Bott, Raoul (1967), „A Lefschetz Fixed Point Formula for Elliptic Complexes: I”, Annals of Mathematics, Second Series, The Annals of Mathematics, Vol. 86, No. 2, 86 (2): 374–407, doi:10.2307/1970694, JSTOR 1970694  (reprinted in (Atiyah 1988c, paper 61))and Atiyah, Michael F.; Bott, Raoul (1968), „A Lefschetz Fixed Point Formula for Elliptic Complexes: II. Applications”, Annals of Mathematics, Second Series, 88 (3): 451–491, doi:10.2307/1970721, JSTOR 1970721 . Reprinted in (Atiyah 1988c, paper 62). These give the proofs and some applications of the results announced in the previous paper.
• Atiyah, Michael F.; Bott, Raoul; Patodi, Vijay K. (1973), „On the heat equation and the index theorem” (PDF), Invent. Math., 19 (4): 279–330, Bibcode:1973InMat..19..279A, doi:10.1007/BF01425417, MR 0650828 ; Atiyah, Michael F.; Bott, R.; Patodi, V. K. (1975), „Errata”, Invent. Math., 28 (3): 277–280, Bibcode:1975InMat..28..277A, doi:10.1007/BF01425562, MR 0650829  Reprinted in (Atiyah 1988d, paper 79, 79a).
• Atiyah, Michael F.; Schmid, Wilfried (1977), „A geometric construction of the discrete series for semisimple Lie groups”, Invent. Math., 42: 1–62, Bibcode:1977InMat..42....1A, doi:10.1007/BF01389783, MR 0463358 ; Atiyah, Michael F.; Schmid, Wilfried (1979), „Erratum”, Invent. Math., 54 (2): 189–192, Bibcode:1979InMat..54..189A, doi:10.1007/BF01408936, MR 0550183 . Reprinted in (Atiyah 1988d, paper 90).
• Atiyah, Michael (2010), Edinburgh Lectures on Geometry, Analysis and Physics (PDF) 

Premii și distincții

• 1966: Medalia Fields
• 1968: Royal Medal din partea Royal Society
• 1981: Premiul Antonio-Feltrinelli din partea Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei
• 1987: Premiul Internațional König-Faisal pentru Știință
• 1983: numit cavaler
• 1988: Medalia Copley
• 1992: devine membru al ordinului britanic Order of Merit
• 2004: Premiul Abel.

Bibliografie

• Boyer, Charles P.; Hurtubise, J. C.; Mann, B. M.; Milgram, R. J. (1993), „The topology of instanton moduli spaces. I. The Atiyah–Jones conjecture”, Annals of Mathematics, Second Series, The Annals of Mathematics, Vol. 137, No. 3, 137 (3): 561–609, doi:10.2307/2946532, ISSN 0003-486X, JSTOR 2946532, MR 1217348 
• Barth, Wolf P.; Hulek, Klaus; Peters, Chris A.M.; Van de Ven, Antonius (2004), Compact Complex Surfaces, Berlin: Springer, p. 334, ISBN 978-3-540-00832-3 
• Gel'fand, Israel M. (1960), „On elliptic equations”, Russ. Math. Surv., 15 (3): 113–123, Bibcode:1960RuMaS..15..113G, doi:10.1070/rm1960v015n03ABEH004094 . Reprinted in volume 1 of his collected works, p. 65–75, ISBN: 0-387-13619-3. On page 120 Gel'fand suggests that the index of an elliptic operator should be expressible in terms of topological data.
• Harder, G.; Narasimhan, M. S. (1975), „On the cohomology groups of moduli spaces of vector bundles on curves”, Mathematische Annalen, 212 (3): 215–248, doi:10.1007/BF01357141, ISSN 0025-5831, MR 0364254, arhivat din original la 5 martie 2016, accesat în 13 ianuarie 2019 
• Matsuki, Kenji (2002), Introduction to the Mori program, Universitext, Berlin, New York: Springer-Verlag, doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-5602-9, ISBN 978-0-387-98465-0, MR 1875410 
• Palais, Richard S. (1965), Seminar on the Atiyah–Singer Index Theorem, Annals of Mathematics Studies, 57, S.l.: Princeton Univ Press, ISBN 0-691-08031-3 . This describes the original proof of the index theorem. (Atiyah and Singer never published their original proof themselves, but only improved versions of it.)
• Segal, Graeme B. (1968), „The representation ring of a compact Lie group”, Inst. Hautes Études Sci. Publ. Math., 34: 113–128, doi:10.1007/BF02684592 .
• Yau, Shing-Tung; Chan, Raymond H., ed. (1999), „Sir Michael Atiyah: a great mathematician of the twentieth century”, Asian J. Math., International Press, 3 (1): 1–332, ISBN 978-1-57146-080-6, MR 1701915, arhivat din original la 8 august 2008 .
• Yau, Shing-Tung, ed. (2005), The Founders of Index Theory: Reminiscences of Atiyah, Bott, Hirzebruch, and Singer, International Press, p. 358, ISBN 978-1-57146-120-9, arhivat din original la 7 februarie 2006 .

Legături externe

• Michael Atiyah tells his life story at Web of Stories
• The celebrations of Michael Atiyah's 80th birthday in Edinburgh, 20-24 April 2009
• Mathematical descendants of Michael Atiyah
• „Sir Michael Atiyah on math, physics and fun”, superstringtheory.com, Official Superstring theory web site], arhivat din original la 14 septembrie 2008, accesat în 14 august 2008 
• Atiyah, Michael, Beauty in Mathematics (video, 3m14s), arhivat din original la 26 mai 2011, accesat în 14 august 2008 
• Atiyah, Michael, The nature of space (Online lecture), arhivat din original la 3 august 2020, accesat în 14 august 2008 
• Batra, Amba (8 noiembrie 2003), Maths guru with Einstein's dream prefers chalk to mouse. (Interview with Atiyah.), Delhi newsline, accesat în 14 august 2008 
• Michael Atiyah at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
• Halim, Hala (1998), „Michael Atiyah:Euclid and Victoria”, Al-Ahram Weekly On-line (391), arhivat din original la 16 august 2004, accesat în 26 august 2008 
• Meek, James (21 aprilie 2004), „Interview with Michael Atiyah”, The Guardian, London, accesat în 14 august 2008 
• Sir Michael Atiyah FRS, Isaac Newton Institute, arhivat din original la 31 mai 2008, accesat în 14 august 2008 
• „Atiyah and Singer receive 2004 Abel prize” (PDF), Notices of the American Mathematical Society, 51 (6): 650–651, 2006, accesat în 14 august 2008 
• Raussen, Martin; Skau, Christian (24 mai 2004), Interview with Michael Atiyah and Isadore Singer, accesat în 14 august 2008 
• Photos of Michael Francis Atiyah, Oberwolfach photo collection, accesat în 14 august 2008 
• Wade, Mike (21 aprilie 2009), Maths and the bomb: Sir Michael Atiyah at 80, London: Timesonline, accesat în 12 mai 2010 
• List of works of Michael Atiyah from Celebratio Mathematica