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Linia 1: Linia 1:
{{referințe|iunie 2014}}
{{note de subsol|iunie 2014}}
{{Taxobox

{{CutieTaxonomie
| culoare = pink
| nume = Țestoase
| nume = Țestoase
| fosilă_răspândire = din [[Triasic]]
| fosilă_răspândire = [[Triasic]] târziu – [[Holocen]], {{Fossil range|215|0}}
| image = Florida Box Turtle Digon3 re-edited.jpg
| imagine = Haeckel Chelonia.jpg
| image_caption = ''[[Terrapene carolina]]''
| imagine_lățime = 240px
| imagine2 = Haeckel Chelonia.jpg
| imagine_text = "Chelonia" from [[Ernst Haeckel]]'s ''[[Kunstformen der Natur]]'', 1904
| imagine2_lățime = 240px
| imagine2_text = "Chelonia" from [[Ernst Haeckel]]'s ''[[Kunstformen der Natur]]'', 1904
| regnum = [[Animalia]]
| regnum = [[Animalia]]
| phylum = [[Chordata]]
| phylum = [[Chordata]]
Linia 14: Linia 14:
| ordo_autoritate = [[Carolus Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758
| ordo_autoritate = [[Carolus Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758
| hartă_răspândire = World.distribution.testudines.1.png
| hartă_răspândire = World.distribution.testudines.1.png
| hartă_răspândire_lățime = 250px
| hartă_răspândire_lățime =
| hartă_răspândire_text =albastru: țestoase de mare, negru: țestoase de uscat
| hartă_răspândire_text =albastru: țestoase de mare, negru: țestoase de uscat
| rang_subdiviziune= Subordine
| rang_subdiviziune= Subordine
Linia 51: Linia 51:
== Caretul ==
== Caretul ==
[[Caretul]] sau [[țestoasă marină|țestoasa de mare]] ajunge la 1-2 m lungime și 200 kg. Are carapacea mai puțin bombată, cu plăci osoase mai puțin sudate. Picioarele sunt adevărate vâsle care îi servesc la înot. Înmulțirea se face prin ouă care le depune în nisipul de pe plajă. Sunt vânate pentru carne, grăsime și ouă.
[[Caretul]] sau [[țestoasă marină|țestoasa de mare]] ajunge la 1-2 m lungime și 200 kg. Are carapacea mai puțin bombată, cu plăci osoase mai puțin sudate. Picioarele sunt adevărate vâsle care îi servesc la înot. Înmulțirea se face prin ouă care le depune în nisipul de pe plajă. Sunt vânate pentru carne, grăsime și ouă.

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| last1 = Zardoya | first1 = R. | year = 1998
| last2 = Meyer | first2 = A.
| title = Complete mitochondrial genome suggests diapsid affinities of turtles
| journal= PNAS | volume = 95 | issue = 24 | pages = 14226–14231
| issn = 0027-8424 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.95.24.14226 | pmid = 9826682 | pmc = 24355 | ref = harv}}
*{{Cite book |title=Turtles and Crocodiles of Insular Southeast Asia and New Guinea |author=Iskandar, DT |year=2000 |publisher=Palmedia – ITB |location=Bandung }}
*{{Cite book |author=Pritchard, Peter Charles Howard |title=Encyclopedia of turtles |publisher=T.F.H. Publications |location=Neptune, NJ |year=1979 |isbn=0-87666-918-6 }}
{{Refend}}


== Legături externe ==
== Legături externe ==
{{Sister project links |wikt= |commons= |b=no |n=no |q=no |s=no |v=no |voy=no |species= |d=no |mw=no}}
* [http://www.studbook.ffept.org/pti_stats.php?lang=en Chelonian studbook] Collection and display of the weights/sizes of captive turtles
* [http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/publications/fauna-of-australia/pubs/volume2a/ar18ind.pdf Biogeography and Phylogeny of the Chelonia] (taxonomy, maps)
* [http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17442-embryo-origami-gives-the-turtle-its-shell.html ''New Scientist'' article (including video) on how the turtle evolved its shell]
* [http://www.evz.ro/detalii/stiri/de-ce-au-testoasele-carapace-830040.html De ce au țestoasele carapace], 27 Noiembrie 2008, Andreea Dogar, ''Evenimentul zilei''
* [http://www.evz.ro/detalii/stiri/de-ce-au-testoasele-carapace-830040.html De ce au țestoasele carapace], 27 Noiembrie 2008, Andreea Dogar, ''Evenimentul zilei''
* [http://www.evz.ro/detalii/stiri/s-au-descoperit-ramasite-ale-unui-animal-mai-mare-decat-un-automobil-smart-982270.html S-au descoperit rămășițe ale unei țestoase mai mare decât un automobil Smart], 19 mai 2012, ''Evenimentul zilei''
* [http://www.evz.ro/detalii/stiri/s-au-descoperit-ramasite-ale-unui-animal-mai-mare-decat-un-automobil-smart-982270.html S-au descoperit rămășițe ale unei țestoase mai mare decât un automobil Smart], 19 mai 2012, ''Evenimentul zilei''
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[[Categorie:Broaște țestoase]]
[[Categorie:Broaște țestoase]]

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[[ta:கடல் ஆமை]]

Versiunea de la 4 septembrie 2014 01:12

Țestoase
Fosilă: Triasic târziu – Holocen, 215–0 mln. ani în urmă
Terrapene carolina
"Chelonia" from Ernst Haeckel's Kunstformen der Natur, 1904
Clasificare științifică
Regn: Animalia
Încrengătură: Chordata
Clasă: Sauropsida
Ordin: Testudines
Linnaeus, 1758
Subordine

Cryptodira
Pleurodira
Vezi în text familiile

albastru: țestoase de mare, negru: țestoase de uscat

Broasca-țestoasă este o reptilă din ordinul Testudines.

Broasca-țestoasă de uscat

Este adaptată la mediul terestru. În România, trăiește în pădurile și regiunile de stepă din Oltenia, Banat și Dobrogea.

Țestoasa de uscat se recunoaște după corpul ei scurt, acoperit cu un țest format din 2 părți:

  • carapacea (la partea superioară, bombată, de culoare maroniu-roșcat)
  • plastronul (la partea inferioară, de culoare deschisă)

Ele sunt unite pe laturi, lăsând 2 deschizaturi prin care ies, capul și membrele anterioare, iar la partea posterioară, membrele posterioare și coada. Țesutul este format din plăci osoase bine sudate, acoperite de plăci cornoase. Coastele și vertebrele sunt concrescute cu carapacea. Capul, gâtul, picioarele și coada sunt acoperite de o piele solzoasă de culoare cenușie. Pe lângă organele de simț, asemănătoare cu ale șopârlei, există 2 fălci învelite într-o materie cornoasă ce formează un fel de cioc, cu margini tăioase și fără dinți. Sunt animale greoaie, care se deplasează încet din cauza conformației și a țesutului. Cele 4 membre sunt scurte, așezate lateral și terminate cu degete scurte, prevăzute cu gheare. Se hrănește cu ierburi, fructe, insecte, melci și viermi pe care le taie cu marginea ciocului. Respirația și înmulțirea este la fel ca la șerpi și șopârle.

Țestoasa de lac

Trăiește în lacuri și bălți, rareori pe uscat. Este adaptată secundar la viața acvatică. Se deosebește de țestoasa de uscat prin următoarele caractere:

  • este carnivoră
  • carapacea este mai mare
  • de culoare negricioasă
  • asemănătoare mâlului
  • degetele sunt deslipite prin membrană interdigitală

Țestoasa cu tâmple roșii de Florida

Țestoasa cu tâmple roșii de Florida este o țestoasă verde, dar gâtul țestoasei cu tâmple roșii din Florida este roșu.

  • dimensiuni 25-30 cm
  • speranță de viață 30-50 de ani
  • taxonomie: familia Emilidae
  • genul:Trachemys

Caretul

Caretul sau țestoasa de mare ajunge la 1-2 m lungime și 200 kg. Are carapacea mai puțin bombată, cu plăci osoase mai puțin sudate. Picioarele sunt adevărate vâsle care îi servesc la înot. Înmulțirea se face prin ouă care le depune în nisipul de pe plajă. Sunt vânate pentru carne, grăsime și ouă.

Bibliografie

Legături externe