Istoria spionajului sovietic în Statele Unite

Emblema NKVD

Încă de la sfârșitul anilor 1920 Uniunea Sovietică prin intermediul serviciilor de informații OGPU și NKVD au folosit ruși și alte naționalități cât și comuniști pentru activități de spionaj în Statele Unite ale Americii. Aceste rețele diferite de spionaj au avut contact cu diverse agenții guvernamentale americale să transmită Moscovei informații secrete.

Primele eforturi

În timpul anilor 1920 serviciile secrete sovietice de spionaj în SUA s-au axat pe spionaj militar și industrial, în special în industria de aviatică și au încercat să se infiltreze în instituțiile birocratice guvernamentale cum ar fi Departamentul de Stat al SUA, Departamentul de Război etc. Aceste eforturi au avut rezultate indecise.

Bibliografie

• Chambers, Whittaker (1952). Witness. Random House. ISBN 0-89526-571-0 
• John Earl Haynes, Harvey Klehr, and Alexander Vassiliev, Spies: The Rise and Fall of the KGB in America (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2009)
• John Earl Haynes and Harvey Klehr, Venona: Decoding Soviet Espionage in America, Yale University Press
• Allen Weinstein and Alexander Vassiliev, The Haunted Wood: Soviet Espionage in America--the Stalin Era (New York: Random House, 1999)

Legături externe

• Soviet Technospies from the Dean Peter Krogh Foreign Affairs Digital Archives
• For new evidence on Soviet espionage in the United States, see former KGB officer Alexander Vassiliev's Notebooks From the Cold War International History Project (CWIHP)
• V.I. Lenin, Terms of Admission into Communist International, (July 1920) First published 1921, The Second Congress of the Communist International, Verbatum Report, Communist International, Petrograd
• Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive. CI Reader: American Revolution into the New MillenniumA Counterintelligence Reader Volume 3, Chapter 1: Cold War Counterintelligence. PDF file. office of the Director of Central Intelligence. Retrieved June 21, 2005.
• Proyect, Louis. Harvey Klehr's "The Secret World of American Communism". Published online May 25, 2002. Retrieved June 21, 2005.
• Robert Louis Benson and Michael Warner, eds., Venona: Soviet Espionage and the American Response, 1939-1957, (Washington, D.C.: National Security Agency, Central Intelligence Agency, 1996)
• Vassiliev, Alexander (2003), Alexander Vassiliev’s Notes on Anatoly Gorsky’s December 1948 Memo on Compromised American Sources and Networks, http://www.wilsoncenter.org/event/alexander-vassilievs-notebooks-and-the-documentation-soviet-intelligence-operations-the-unit-0, accesat la 21 aprilie 2012 

• The Hanford Site, Historic docs, Section 8 - Site Security
• Discouraged, Disillusioned and Duped, Eyewitness account of the era
• Razvedka, Intelligence Information and the Process of Decision Making: Turning Points of the Early Period of the Cold War (1944–1953) [1] (In Russian).
• Interview with Ralph De Toladano
• History of Russian foreign intelligence in North America (Russian), Official site of Foreign Intelligence Service (Russia)
• Film: The KGB Connections: An Investigation Into Soviet Operations in North America, 1982, Public domain: Online.
• Whittaker Chambers | Witness in the Alger Hiss Case, Anti-Communist, ex-Communist, Spy, Editor, Journalist, Intellectual, Writer, Translator, Poet